I assume you have a tuner that will only tune to EADGBE. Fret the string you are trying to tune at the second fret - and tune it to 'D'. When tuned, the string should sound 'C' when played open.
In terms of 'why' - well, each fret takes the note up a semi-tone. Open is C, first fret is C# or Db' and second fret is D.
Hope that helps.
Paul.
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